Theory Questions to be considered include: NB: Biology Only
Question 1.
a) List five (5) diseases that can be prevented by immunization.
b) For each of the diseases listed in (a) above state the mode of application of vaccine used for immunization against the disease.
c) State five (5) practices that can help to prevent diseases in man.
d) Define the following terminologies associated with infections and diseases
ii. Immunization
iii. Vaccination
iv. Drug
e) What do you understand by the term W.H.O?
f) Define the term Immunity and give the two types of immunity.
Answers:
a) Five diseases that can be prevented by immunization include:
i. Coronavirus/COVID-19
ii. Tuberculosis (TB)
iii. Swine Flu/ H1N1
iv. Hepatitis B
v. Measles
b) Mode of application of vaccine used for immunization against the disease.
i. Coronavirus/COVID-19 – A vaccine has been developed but as yet availability is limited
ii. Tuberculosis (TB) –
iii. Swine Flu/ H1N1 –
iv. Hepatitis B –
v. Measles –
c) five (5) practices that can help to prevent diseases in man.
i. Immunization
ii. Vaccination
iii. Quarantine
iv. Drug
v. Regular health screening exercise
d) Definition of terminologies
i. Quarantine – This is the Isolation of animals or man to find out if they are carrying diseases so as to prevent the spread of disease and pest into new areas or unaffected animals or man.
ii. Immunization – It is the process of introducing antibodies into the body of the animal to protect it from diseases.
iii. Vaccination – it is the process of introducing an emulsion containing killed or weakened less harmful pathogens into a healthy body to produce antibodies so as to induce immunity.
f) Immunity – Immunity is the ability of the human body to resist infectious disease by producing antibodies or antitoxins.
Question 2.
a) Complete the table below:
Organs Excretory Product
i. Lungs ……………………
ii. Liver ………………….
iii. Skin …………………
iv. Kidney ……………….
b) Define the following terminologies
i Excretion
ii. Ultra-filtration
iii. Homeostasis
c) Mention three (3) disorders of the urinary system
Answers:
a)
Organs Excretory Product
i. Lungs …………………… Carbon dioxide
ii. Liver …………………. Bile pigment
iii. Skin ………………… Salts, urea, water vapour
iv. Kidney ………………. Urea, excess water
b) Definition of terminologies
i Excretion – it is the removal of waste products, made in chemical reactions in the cells, which may be harmful to the human body.
ii. Ultra-filtration – it is the filtration of fluid from the blood in the nephron or the Bowman’s capsule under pressure.
iii. Homeostasis – It is the process of maintaining a constant internal body environment within a living system
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